First Confirmed Footage of a Colossal Squid

For the first time, a live colossal squid (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni) has been filmed in its natural habitat by Schmidt Ocean Institute’s research vessel Falkor (too). This observation took place on March 9, 2025, at a depth of 600 meters near the South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. This discovery marks the beginning of a new chapter in marine biology.

1. When and where was the first live observation of a colossal squid?
On March 9, 2025, the research vessel Falkor (too) of the Schmidt Ocean Institute filmed a live colossal squid in its natural habitat for the first time. The observation was made at a depth of 600 meters near the South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. This marks a significant milestone in marine biology, as until now, this species had only been seen dead or dying.

2. What are the physical characteristics of the colossal squid?
The colossal squid, Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni, is the heaviest invertebrate on Earth, reaching lengths of up to 23 feet and weighing up to 500 kilograms. It has a transparent body, and distinctive hooks located between its eight arms that set it apart from other squid species. Additionally, its enormous eyes aid in hunting in the deep sea.

3. Which institutions were involved in the research?
The 35-day flagship Ocean Census expedition was a collaboration between the Schmidt Ocean Institute, the Nippon Foundation-Nekton Ocean Census, and the GoSouth project. The GoSouth project is a joint effort involving the University of Plymouth (UK), GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research (Germany), and the British Antarctic Survey. This collaborative initiative opened new avenues for marine life exploration.

4. What new information has been learned about the life cycle of the colossal squid?
This observation has provided new insights into the life cycle of the colossal squid. Previously, the species was only observed in dead form, but seeing it alive will enhance our understanding of its growth, behavior, and ecology. Experts believe this discovery will play a vital role in the conservation and further study of the species.

5. When was the first observation of the glacial glass squid?
On January 25, 2025, during the previous Falkor (too) expedition, a live glacial glass squid (Galiteuthis glacialis) was filmed at a depth of 687 meters in the Bellingshausen Sea. This squid is known for its transparent body and the unique positioning of its arms, which distinguishes it from other glass squid species.

6. What impact will this discovery have on marine science?
The live observations of the colossal squid and glacial glass squid have opened new possibilities in marine science. These findings provide fresh information about the deep-sea ecosystem, biodiversity, and the behavior of marine species. Additionally, these discoveries will guide new directions in marine conservation and research efforts.